Suppose I’ve
successfully wooed the Tralfamadorian. Now the alien has become remarkably
open-minded and has asked me to outline and discuss the ethical theory/theories
that should guide the interactions between the human and Tralfmadorian races.
These are the
ethical theories…
Relativism theory
should be the first ethical theory Tralfamadorian should consider from us
earthlings, since we earthlings are originally a diverse culture, where every place
could have different norms and beliefs and every society could have different
rules and regulations. Tralfamadorian should respect each culture to promote
peace invasion to the earth. For this theory believe that there are no
universal moral standards or standards that can be universally applied to all peoples
at all times. Though this theory also holds the idea of subjective individual
basis (i.e. subjective relativism) which a person decide its own wrong and own
right, the theory doesn’t imply that clearly morally wrong act can be
considered ethical. Tralfamadorian
should understand that individual human beliefs on earth are valued in the
society and if they wish to conquer earth and put their own ethical basis on
us, they should be considerate in the diverse changes could happen.
Tralfamadorian should then set their own culture standard to clearly understand
their own morals and by then, other planets like earth could impose limits
based on their ethics. In result, pleasant debates could be justify and
concluded from Tralfamadorian and earthlings based on both moral and ethical
standards.
In connection with diverse belief and norms, most
human believe in divine command theory. Divine command theory states that right
actions are aligned to the will of God and wrong doings are those contrary to
the will of God. God for us humans, are believed to be the creator and savior
of earth and humankind, that’s why we earthlings highly value his will. Tralfamadorian
could think that God for us human follows one supreme being will but it’s not, since
humans have diverse culture, we human also believe in different Gods with
different wills. But the whole idea of divine command theory implies that human
based their ethics to the will of a supreme being. Tralfamadorian should then consider
and respect these beliefs, as we human also respect each other’s human belief
differences.
To us humans we also have this ethical theory
called Consequentialism theory which states that “the end will justify the
means’’. This statement implies that the consequence of an action justifies the
moral acceptability of the means taken to reach that end. Humans do a lot of decisions,
some decide to walk to the wrong path and some to the right but with good
consequence and results these could be considered ethical, atleast for this
theory. Tralfamadorian should understand that humans are capable of deciding on
its own whether to follow or unfollow certain theory or belief. Tralfamadorian should then be dynamic,
open-minded, considerate, and open to changes to the complex ethical beliefs of
each human.
In contrary with consequentialism theory, humans
also have this theory called Kantianism which states that ‘act morally
regardless of the consequence’. As humans have the innate ability to act rationally,
they therefore must act morally, irrespective of personal desires or
consequence. As a whole the theory implies that morality should be based on
pure reason and thus we could say that Kantianism is the opposite of Consequentialism.
Lastly, humans also have this self-centered
theory called Egoism. Egoism focus exclusively on self-interest and actions that
could give maximum long-term benefit. This
theory implies the greediness of humans and Tralfamadorian should be vigilant
to these morals.
To some up, the ethical theories of earthlings
are very complex matter but these theories also give the basis to overcome this
complexity. Through these theories, Tralfamadorian could understand and interact
with humans without violating the ethics of each race.
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